June 2020

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, Women /

CYBER VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Cyber violence is defined as an organised internet behaviours that criminally or non-criminally cause, facilitate, or threaten a person’s physical, sexual, psychological, emotional health. According to a recent research by the World Health Organization, one in ten women globally has already experienced a form of cyber violence since the age of 15.

There is no clear defined typology of offences considered to be cyber violence, cyber violence could be harassment, impersonation, trickery, exclusion, sexting, cyber stalking, and cyber threats that are mostly perpetrated against women and children.

Victims often times experience violence and harassment from families, partners, peers, and from total strangers, which bring about mental stress, depression, distrust, emotional imbalance, low self-esteem, drug use, anxiety, sociopathic tendencies, and suicide in some cases.

In other to combat this problem, it is crucial that we pay attention to people living with us and around us. This is because most people who are victims of cyber violence always believe they are all alone and the world is against them. These thoughts gradually take over the mind of the abused, hence resulting in either short or long term negative effects. Always keep the line of communication open so that people and children especially can open up easily.

For internet users, “always do to others what you want done to you”. It is important to act appropriately online and encourage ethical behaviours while using technology for the good of everyone.

Centre for Family Health Initiative is committed to end any form of violence through advocacy, sensitization and providing legal and psychosocial support to victims and survivors. Together we can encourage everyone to speak up and not stigmatize.

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MONDAY HEALTH BURST

COVID-19, Health, WHO /

DEPRESSION: THE SILENT KILLER

Depression is a mental health disorder characterized by persistently unhappy mood or loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily life. It is a very common mental disorder and in Nigeria, there are about 1.5million cases annually.

Possible causes of depression include a combination of biological, psychological and social sources of distress. Everyone who experiences depression is different and have different contributing factors. Some of these causes are identified as stressful life events including loss of a loved one, stress, isolation or loneliness, low self-esteem, personal factors like family history, personality, serious medical illness, drug and alcohol use, and chemical changes in the brain.

Symptoms of depression involve changes in sleep, appetite, energy level, concentration, daily behavior or self-esteem.

  • Change in Mood: anxiety, apathy, general discontent, guilt, hopelessness, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, mood swings, or sadness.
  • Change in Behavior: agitation, excessive crying, irritability, restlessness, or social isolation.
  • Change in Sleep: early awakening, excess sleepiness, insomnia, or restless sleep.
  • Change in Whole body: excessive hunger, fatigue, or loss of appetite.
  • Cognitive change: lack of concentration, slowness in activity, or suicidal thoughts.
  • Change in Weight; weight gain or weight loss.

Many people suffering from depression never seek medical attention during their entire lives. They choose to absorb the burden of depression into their different body systems. This can lead to physical symptoms and various diseases at a later stage. If left untreated, major depression is life threatening.

The mainstay of treatment is usually medication, talk therapy or a combination of the two. Mild depression can be handled with family support, behavioral therapy, lifestyle changes, and learning skills for managing while Severe or chronic depression with other underlying health issues need medical therapy.

CFHI Monday Health Burst is an initiative of the organization to tackle issues of basic health concerns. Join us every Monday for more health related articles on all our social media platforms.

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SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, WHO, Women /

EMOTIONAL VIOLENCE

Have you ever been in a situation where you have suffered emotional neglect and isolation, experienced co-dependency, accusation, blaming, shame, verbal abuse, control, humiliation, bullying, intimidation, manipulation, cyber bullying and abusive criticism? All these devices are palpable signs of emotional violence geared towards hurting and destroying one’s self esteem. The abuser can be anyone: a spouse, business partner, boss, friends, family members, etc.

To exercise power and control over its victim, an emotional abuser propels one to believe that they are indispensable, leaving the victim in perpetual fear. It is important to know that everyone, regardless of race, religion, beliefs, are entitled to respect, independence, self-worth and safety in any relationship.

The emotionally abused sustain injuries that are not necessarily physical but invisible. Only the abused knows he/she is injured and weighs the burden of this injury. What happens next? The abused begins to wallow in self-doubt and concludes that he/she is worthless. The effects of emotional abuse can be short term damages or long lasting scars for those who survive it. The victims may suffer from insomnia, eating disorders, heart palpitations, depression, stomach ulcers, anxiety and even death.

One of the toughest types of violence to detect is emotional abuse because it may not necessarily be physical. Just like other kinds of violence emotional violence can sabotage the mental and psychological health. The abused may begin to feel that all the hurtful comments and abusive criticism used by the abuser are true and blame themselves for the abuse. This may push the abused into the silent killer called depression. We need to live with the consciousness that what we say to people, or how we use words when relating with people can affect them positively or negatively.

To tackle emotional abuse, you must first overcome self-blame. It is not your fault that you are abused. Yes! You will survive irrespective of whether that person is in your life or not. Make yourself a priority! It is important to establish boundaries in your relationship to preserve self-worth and respect. In cases where there is constant breach of boundaries, draw an exit plan, speak to close and trusted persons about it as this may boost the chances of healing internally.

Centre for Family Health Initiative through Child Protection Committee interventions provides psycho-social, economic and legal support to emotionally and physically abused persons who cannot afford justice. Also, Speak Wednesday is a service of CFHI to encourage victims of all forms of abuse to speak up, with the aims of providing justice for everyone, irrespective of their socio-economic status.

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MONDAY HEALTH BURST

Uncategorized /

DANGERS OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE

Substance abuse is defined as the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances, including alcohol and illicit drugs.

Commonly abused substances include stimulants, cocaine, opioids, heroin, sedatives, alcohol, prescription pain killers such as tramadol and many more. The use of these psychoactive substances can lead to dependence syndrome- a cluster of behavioral, cognitive, and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated substance use and that typically include a strong desire to take the drug, difficulties in controlling its use, persisting in its use despite harmful consequences, a higher priority given to drug use than to other activities and obligations, increased tolerance, and sometimes a physical withdrawal state.

The dangers of substance abuse are quite numerous and varies depending on what is abused and the length of use. However, the biopsychosocial health of an individual is affected at large.

Biological effect such as: increased heart rate, hypertension, end organ damage, blood dyscrasias, malignancies, seizures, blood-borne diseases like hepatitis or HIV, impotence or infertility, learning and memory problems, lung damage, respiratory depression and coma.

Psychological effects include: tolerance, dependence and drug addiction, withdrawal symptoms when trying to cut back or quit, mental disorders, among others.

Social effect include; jeopardizing relationships with friends and family, neglecting work and school responsibilities, involvement in criminal activity and a greater risk of being victimized by crime.

Drug addicts did not start abusing substances in one day, they did gradually. Hence, it is important to totally abstain from substance abuse to maintain a healthy biopsychosocial life.

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SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, WHO, Women /

SPEAK WEDNESDAY- FAMILY VIOLENCE

Family violence can be referred to as domestic violence. This could be physical, verbal, psychological, sexual, social, financial, spiritual and emotional. It has been proven overtime that anyone can be affected by family violence, regardless of age, gender, sexual identity, cultural background, ability, religion, wealth, status or location.

Family violence can have serious and sometimes disastrous consequences for victims and for those around the violence. It may rage from physical abuse like pushes or shoves, hits, slaps, kicks, stabs, cuts, which may sometimes lead to death; sexual abuse like forceful sex or engaging in sexual activity without consent. This occurs even in marriages; financial abuse like being a sole controller of family funds no matter who earns it. It could also be depriving a partner of working so that she may depend solely on you for financial needs; emotional abuse is another form of family abuse and it entails name calling, threats, bulling, intimidation, humiliations, and more.

It is pertinent to note that women are not only victims of domestic violence. The men are not left out as well. The social and cultural stigma associated with male violence sometimes hinders them from speaking. Our society forbids a man to be abused in whatever form by his wife and children. Therefore they become too ashamed to speak to avoid the dishonor of being called weak. However, men should realize that speaking about it is not shameful but a thing of dignity to muster the courage to ask for help. Anyone can be abused!

There are unique cases where the abused is ignorant of the fact that he or she is being abused by the abuser. A good example is emotional, spiritual and economic abuse. In some relationships, one partner or spouse manipulates the other’s emotions to do certain things and making the victims develop low self-esteem over time. Some other spouses or partners exploit the economic resources of their spouses. They cover this exploitation with lies making their partners unaware of the fact that they are being abused.

#SayNoToRape #JusticeForEveryone #EndFamilyViolenceNow

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MONDAY HEALTH BURST

Health /

MONDAY HEALTH BURST: MENTAL HEALTH

Mental health refers to cognitive, behavioral, and emotional well-being of a person. It is the state of someone who is functioning at a satisfactory level of emotional and behavioral adjustment or someone with absence of mental illness. These mental health issues include, but not limited to; mood disorders, psychotic disorder, suicidal thoughts, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, autism, eating disorders, personality disorders, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder.

According to WHO, one in four Nigerians are suffering from some sort of mental illness, which means that about 50 million Nigerians are suffering from either issues that affect how they think, feel, behave or make choices. No wonder, according to WHO report in 2016, Nigeria was revealed to have the 6th highest suicidal rate among African countries with over 17,000 lives lost. From 2016 till date, the figures continue to be on the increase.

Factors responsible for mental illnesses according to various research include; stigmatization, childhood abuse, trauma, social isolation, neglect, social disadvantage, poverty or debt, losing a loved one, severe or long-term stress, among others. There are also some biological factors responsible for mental disorder such as; genetic/heredity factors, injury to the Brain, deficits of the brain caused during development in pregnancy or at birth, infection, substance abuse, and poor nutrition.

Some important signs of mental illness that can be observed include; prolonged periods of grief, sadness or irritability, extreme high or low mood swings, increase level of fear, anxiety or worry, withdrawal from society, dramatic changes in daily life habits, etc.

Mental wellness is very important as it helps to realize one’s full potentials, cope with life stress, work productively and make meaningful contributions to the society. To maintain a positive mental health; exercise regularly, eat balanced and healthy meals, speak up when you need to, taking a break when needed, remember something you are grateful for and sleep well.

As always said, “Early detection is key to survival”. If any of the above signs are noticed anywhere, kindly seek help or refer victims to appropriate quarters. One can get professional help if need be. Also, connect with others, stay positive, help others and develop coping skills to keep a positive mental well-being.

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SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, Women /

DATING ABUSE/RAPE

Dating abuse or dating violence is the perpetration of an act of violence by at least one member of an unmarried couple on the other member in the context of dating or courtship. According to a recent report by different researchers, 1 in 3 young people experience this form of abuse which is not only physical, but can be emotional or psychological like in the case of name calling, bullying, shaming, intentionally embarrassing and constant monitoring; sexual abuse like engaging in sexual act without the consent of the partner, and stalking.

Despite the increasing level of dating violence in Nigeria, some people still regard them as normal or a sign of love, hence find it difficult to walk away. These victims condone or rarely report the violence inflicted on them for different reasons like lack of steady income, low self-esteem, lack of exposure to information, false hopes, stigmatization, lack of shelter, and many more. In few cases where these victims summon the courage to report, they will be asked to find a way to resolve their differences, rather than punish the perpetrators.

Some of these relationships end in violent marriages and to this end, many have died and many more are held in severe bondage they cannot easily escape from for the fear of shame, stigmatization, fear of losing the custody of children and ridicule. It is important to know that abuse is never a one off occurrence, the perpetrators often come back begging for forgiveness, only to repeat it again and again.

In recent days, there have been different cases of rape, killings, bulling of women across different states in Nigeria. From the case of Tina to Uwa and then Jennifer. From physical and verbal abuse, to rape and even murder and it is evident that the authorities are not doing enough to stem the tide of abuse which manifests itself in many forms in Nigeria today.

For there to be a healthy society for everyone, we must step up in the fight against any form of abuse and continue to sensitize women and men in some cases to information about the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act of 2015 and their human rights. This way, we will have more people speaking up and justice served.

Centre for Family Health Initiative has been able to sensitize hundreds of girls and provided legal and psycho-social support to many victims through our community activities, but the fight is not just for the government and NGOs. Community leaders, religious leaders, and everyone must spearhead the fight against all forms of abuse.

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MONDAY HEALTH BURST

Health, Hygiene, Sanitation /

FOOD SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Food safety is a scientific discipline describing handling, preparation, and storage of food in ways that prevent food-borne illnesses. It is very important to make sure the foods we eat are not contaminated with probable harmful bacteria, toxins, parasites & chemicals.

A critical part of healthy eating is keeping foods safe and the precautions are summarized as clean, separate, cook and chill. Individuals in their own homes can reduce contaminants by following safe food handling practices.

  • Wash hands with soap and water

Wet hands with clean running water and apply soap. Wash for at least 20 seconds under running water and pat dry with a clean paper towel or hand dryer.

  • Sanitize surfaces

Surfaces should be frequently sanitized by washing with mixture of hot soapy water plus disinfectants or bleach.

  • Clean and discard refrigerated foods once a week.

At least once a week, throw out refrigerated foods that should no longer be eaten. Cooked leftovers should be discarded after 4 days; raw poultry and ground meats, 1 to 2 days.

  • Keep appliances clean

Clean cooking appliances regularly inside-out paying attention to the handles and buttons where cross-contamination from hands can occur.

  • Rinse produce

Even if you plan to peel or cut the produce before eating, it is important to thoroughly rinse it first to prevent microbes from transferring from the outside to the inside of the produce.

  • Separate foods when shopping

Separate raw foods in plastic bags and store below ready to eat foods in the refrigerator.

Separate foods when preparing and serving. Never place cooked food back on the same plate or cutting board that previously held raw foods.

  • Use a food thermometer when cooking

A food thermometer is an appliance used to ensure that food is safely cooked and that cooked food is held at safe temperatures until eaten.

  • Cook food to safe internal temperatures

Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb, and veal steaks, chops, and roasts to a safe minimum internal temperature of 145 °F. Cook all poultry, including ground turkey and chicken, to an internal temperature of 165 °F for safety and quality.

  • Keep foods at safe temperatures

Hold cold foods at 40 °F or below. Keep hot foods at 140 °F or above. Foods are no longer safe to eat when they have been in the danger zone between 40-140 °F for more than 2 hours

In order to remain healthy, it is important to observe these food safety precautions. Foods must be safely bought, prepared and stored.

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