Women

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

CYBER VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

Cyber violence is defined as an organised internet behaviours that criminally or non-criminally cause, facilitate, or threaten a person’s physical, sexual, psychological, emotional health. According to a recent research by the World Health Organization, one in ten women globally has already experienced a form of cyber violence since the age of 15.

There is no clear defined typology of offences considered to be cyber violence, cyber violence could be harassment, impersonation, trickery, exclusion, sexting, cyber stalking, and cyber threats that are mostly perpetrated against women and children.

Victims often times experience violence and harassment from families, partners, peers, and from total strangers, which bring about mental stress, depression, distrust, emotional imbalance, low self-esteem, drug use, anxiety, sociopathic tendencies, and suicide in some cases.

In other to combat this problem, it is crucial that we pay attention to people living with us and around us. This is because most people who are victims of cyber violence always believe they are all alone and the world is against them. These thoughts gradually take over the mind of the abused, hence resulting in either short or long term negative effects. Always keep the line of communication open so that people and children especially can open up easily.

For internet users, “always do to others what you want done to you”. It is important to act appropriately online and encourage ethical behaviours while using technology for the good of everyone.

Centre for Family Health Initiative is committed to end any form of violence through advocacy, sensitization and providing legal and psychosocial support to victims and survivors. Together we can encourage everyone to speak up and not stigmatize.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, WHO, Women / cfhinitiative

EMOTIONAL VIOLENCE

Have you ever been in a situation where you have suffered emotional neglect and isolation, experienced co-dependency, accusation, blaming, shame, verbal abuse, control, humiliation, bullying, intimidation, manipulation, cyber bullying and abusive criticism? All these devices are palpable signs of emotional violence geared towards hurting and destroying one’s self esteem. The abuser can be anyone: a spouse, business partner, boss, friends, family members, etc.

To exercise power and control over its victim, an emotional abuser propels one to believe that they are indispensable, leaving the victim in perpetual fear. It is important to know that everyone, regardless of race, religion, beliefs, are entitled to respect, independence, self-worth and safety in any relationship.

The emotionally abused sustain injuries that are not necessarily physical but invisible. Only the abused knows he/she is injured and weighs the burden of this injury. What happens next? The abused begins to wallow in self-doubt and concludes that he/she is worthless. The effects of emotional abuse can be short term damages or long lasting scars for those who survive it. The victims may suffer from insomnia, eating disorders, heart palpitations, depression, stomach ulcers, anxiety and even death.

One of the toughest types of violence to detect is emotional abuse because it may not necessarily be physical. Just like other kinds of violence emotional violence can sabotage the mental and psychological health. The abused may begin to feel that all the hurtful comments and abusive criticism used by the abuser are true and blame themselves for the abuse. This may push the abused into the silent killer called depression. We need to live with the consciousness that what we say to people, or how we use words when relating with people can affect them positively or negatively.

To tackle emotional abuse, you must first overcome self-blame. It is not your fault that you are abused. Yes! You will survive irrespective of whether that person is in your life or not. Make yourself a priority! It is important to establish boundaries in your relationship to preserve self-worth and respect. In cases where there is constant breach of boundaries, draw an exit plan, speak to close and trusted persons about it as this may boost the chances of healing internally.

Centre for Family Health Initiative through Child Protection Committee interventions provides psycho-social, economic and legal support to emotionally and physically abused persons who cannot afford justice. Also, Speak Wednesday is a service of CFHI to encourage victims of all forms of abuse to speak up, with the aims of providing justice for everyone, irrespective of their socio-economic status.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, WHO, Women / cfhinitiative

SPEAK WEDNESDAY- FAMILY VIOLENCE

Family violence can be referred to as domestic violence. This could be physical, verbal, psychological, sexual, social, financial, spiritual and emotional. It has been proven overtime that anyone can be affected by family violence, regardless of age, gender, sexual identity, cultural background, ability, religion, wealth, status or location.

Family violence can have serious and sometimes disastrous consequences for victims and for those around the violence. It may rage from physical abuse like pushes or shoves, hits, slaps, kicks, stabs, cuts, which may sometimes lead to death; sexual abuse like forceful sex or engaging in sexual activity without consent. This occurs even in marriages; financial abuse like being a sole controller of family funds no matter who earns it. It could also be depriving a partner of working so that she may depend solely on you for financial needs; emotional abuse is another form of family abuse and it entails name calling, threats, bulling, intimidation, humiliations, and more.

It is pertinent to note that women are not only victims of domestic violence. The men are not left out as well. The social and cultural stigma associated with male violence sometimes hinders them from speaking. Our society forbids a man to be abused in whatever form by his wife and children. Therefore they become too ashamed to speak to avoid the dishonor of being called weak. However, men should realize that speaking about it is not shameful but a thing of dignity to muster the courage to ask for help. Anyone can be abused!

There are unique cases where the abused is ignorant of the fact that he or she is being abused by the abuser. A good example is emotional, spiritual and economic abuse. In some relationships, one partner or spouse manipulates the other’s emotions to do certain things and making the victims develop low self-esteem over time. Some other spouses or partners exploit the economic resources of their spouses. They cover this exploitation with lies making their partners unaware of the fact that they are being abused.

#SayNoToRape #JusticeForEveryone #EndFamilyViolenceNow

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Health, Women / cfhinitiative

DATING ABUSE/RAPE

Dating abuse or dating violence is the perpetration of an act of violence by at least one member of an unmarried couple on the other member in the context of dating or courtship. According to a recent report by different researchers, 1 in 3 young people experience this form of abuse which is not only physical, but can be emotional or psychological like in the case of name calling, bullying, shaming, intentionally embarrassing and constant monitoring; sexual abuse like engaging in sexual act without the consent of the partner, and stalking.

Despite the increasing level of dating violence in Nigeria, some people still regard them as normal or a sign of love, hence find it difficult to walk away. These victims condone or rarely report the violence inflicted on them for different reasons like lack of steady income, low self-esteem, lack of exposure to information, false hopes, stigmatization, lack of shelter, and many more. In few cases where these victims summon the courage to report, they will be asked to find a way to resolve their differences, rather than punish the perpetrators.

Some of these relationships end in violent marriages and to this end, many have died and many more are held in severe bondage they cannot easily escape from for the fear of shame, stigmatization, fear of losing the custody of children and ridicule. It is important to know that abuse is never a one off occurrence, the perpetrators often come back begging for forgiveness, only to repeat it again and again.

In recent days, there have been different cases of rape, killings, bulling of women across different states in Nigeria. From the case of Tina to Uwa and then Jennifer. From physical and verbal abuse, to rape and even murder and it is evident that the authorities are not doing enough to stem the tide of abuse which manifests itself in many forms in Nigeria today.

For there to be a healthy society for everyone, we must step up in the fight against any form of abuse and continue to sensitize women and men in some cases to information about the Violence Against Persons Prohibition Act of 2015 and their human rights. This way, we will have more people speaking up and justice served.

Centre for Family Health Initiative has been able to sensitize hundreds of girls and provided legal and psycho-social support to many victims through our community activities, but the fight is not just for the government and NGOs. Community leaders, religious leaders, and everyone must spearhead the fight against all forms of abuse.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Sanitation, Women / cfhinitiative

SPEAK WEDNESDAY – MENSTRUAL HEALTH

Menstrual health is about access to menstrual care products to absorb or collect menstrual blood, privacy to change the materials, and access to facilities to dispose of used menstrual care materials. It can also include the “broader systemic factors that link menstruation with health, well-being, gender equality, education, equity, empowerment, and rights”. It can be particularly challenging for girls and women in developing countries, where clean water and toilet facilities are often inadequate. Then with the pandemic “COVID-19” Menstrual care has been a difficult task to uphold, hence Menstrual flow will not stop due to the pandemic.

Adequate measures have to be taken to ensure that young ladies and women from the poor of the poor in Africa as a continent, Nigeria as a country are reached and are sensitized and provided with sanitary pad both usable or reusable so that their state of confidence does not diminish into thin air, while struggling to conform themselves with the societal norm. Community training should not stop in helping them know how the waste should be discarded in an environmentally friendly way, which is largely ignored during this pandemic period in developing countries, despite it being a significant problem.

Menstrual Hygiene Day offers an opportunity to actively advocate for the integration of menstrual care into global, national, and local policies and programs. In Nigeria, CFHI has over the years carried out adequate sensitization programs to curb or reduce to the minimum the problem of menstrual care. Since menstruation would not stop or pause as a result of COVID-19 pandemic then we (CFHI) won’t stop in making sure that our young ladies and women are continuously sensitized about Menstrual Health and how to make sanitary pad available too.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, WHO, Women / cfhinitiative

GENDER THEORIES PART 4 – Social Learning Theory by Judith Butler.

(Masculinity and Femininity roles are not biologically fixed but socially constructed)

Social learning theorists hold that a huge array of different influences socialize us as women and men. Females become women through a process whereby they acquire feminine traits and learn feminine behavior. Masculinity and femininity are thoughts conceived through nurture or upbringing. The roles are never innate but with how the society has actually interpreted it.

In our contemporary African society, we put conscious and deliberate efforts towards impacting good values into our female children as compared to the male children. Judith Butler’s gender theory of masculinity and femininity opines that when we equally treat every child alike, we most likely would have almost same features in both the male and female folks. This is because feminine and masculine roles as created and accepted by people in the society is a misconception.

Historically, many feminists have understood ‘woman’ differently: not as a sex term, but as a gender term that depends on social and cultural factors (like social position). In so doing, they distinguished sex (being female or male) from gender (being a woman or a man), although most ordinary language users appear to treat the two interchangeably. More recently this distinction has come under sustained attack and many view it nowadays with (at least some) suspicion.

Feminine and masculine gender-norms, however, are problematic in that gendered behavior conveniently fits with and reinforces women’s subordination so that women are socialized into subordinate social roles: they learn to be passive, ignorant, docile, emotional help meets for men. Since these roles are simply learned, we can create more equal societies by ‘unlearning’ social roles. That is, feminists should aim to diminish the influence of socialization.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

MONDAY HEALTH BURST – COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING

Health, Women / cfhinitiative

MONDAY HEALTH BURST – COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING

Complementary feeding is defined as the process starting when breast milk alone is not sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements of infants, and therefore other foods and liquids are needed along with breast milk. It is the transition from exclusive breastfeeding to family foods which typically covers the period from 6-24 months of age.

Complementary feeding prevents malnutrition, deficiency diseases, like anaemia and promotes growth. Children who are not started on complementary feeding by 6 months of age consume in-adequate variety and amount of food to meet their nutritional needs.

It is important to note that complimentary feeding is done during “weaning” and should be a gradual process. It could be tweaked or limited to semi solids for the first trials and then stepped up to solids. These feeds range from grains, vegetables, fruits, meat, dairy and other classes of food.

To meet evolving nutritional requirements, infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods, while continuing to breastfeed for up to two years. Exclusive breastfeeding is essential for the first 6months of life to achieve optimal growth, development, and health, after which weaning can commence.

When weaning is not instituted in time, children may be deprived of adequate nutrition to continue their growth and can affect the immunity and health.

MONDAY HEALTH BURST – COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY

Gender, Women / cfhinitiative

SPEAK WEDNESDAY – GENDER THEORIES PART 3

(OBJECT RELATIONS THEORY)

According to Object Relations Theory, humans are birthed with an inbuilt capacity to make and sustain relationships and to socialize in their various environment. Once a baby makes his/her first entry into the world, the innate capacity begins to develop immediately he meets “the object”. The object is usually an interior image of one who constantly cares for the infant. In most cases, the first object is the child’s mother. Other objects are the father or guardian who take up parenting responsibilities.

Sάndor Ferenczi initiated the first idea of the Object Relations Theory, followed by other scholars in the 1930’s, 40’s and 50’s who extended the theory. However, in 1952, Ronald Fairbairn popularized his theory of Object Relations. These scholars who have contributed to the development of the theory are trying to explicate the role of “the object” in the development of a child psyche.

The theory proposes that family incidences as infants grow tend to structure the way people socialize with others in their environment. Experiences in adulthood may alter the individual’s personality but the impact from “the object” during childhood still greatly influences the person even as he/she grows older. Children raised in a home ravaged by Gender Based Violence tend to be aggressive as adults and see violence as normal in every home or develop low self-esteem. These positive and negative incidences shapen their character and behavior consciously or unconsciously.

Ronald Fairbairn believes that the first object (mother) plays a key role in the formation of a child’s character. Therefore, emphasizing the importance of raising children in a healthy environment. A mother takes care of her children and unconsciously her children begin to form character from the things they watch her do and say. Mothers’ Day is celebrated not just because a mother cares for her children but because the society understands that a mother plays a key role in producing either bad or patriotic citizens.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY- GENDER THEORIES PART 2

Gender, Women / cfhinitiative

SPEAK WEDNESDAY- GENDER THEORIES PART 2

(STANDPOINT THEORY BY DOROTHY SMITH)

Through the standpoint theory, Smith argues that notions and beliefs are greatly influenced by location. “We begin from the world as we actually experience it, and what we know of the world and of the other is conditional on that location” (Smith 1987).

At different parts of the world, harboring different kinds of people, beliefs, religions, ideologies and values define who we are and what we believe. To her, as we grow, our values developed from incidences around our environment and this is why the value placed on each gender differs in every society. Then, we begin to take stands (stand point) in our society from what we know through our experiences and the experiences of others.

In Africa, male children are celebrated over their female folks and this has in so many ways contributed to how less important females feel at home, school, social gathering and even at work place. This has affected the mind-set of most female children and as they grow into adulthood, they are made them see themselves as the weaker gender, whose voice should be heard only when asked.

Since we were all born at different locations of the world, we lack the entire knowledge of it. No one knows the entire information of the world. Smith therefore puts a limitation on the knowledge of man.

According to Smith, standpoint is individualistic. This means that no two persons can have the same standpoint irrespective of if they were born and raised in the same environment or society. She therefore encourages us to take our standpoint seriously because it explicates the totality of an individual.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY- GENDER THEORIES PART 2 Read More »

SPEAK WEDNESDAY – GENDER THEORIES (PART ONE)

Gender, Uncategorized, Women / cfhinitiative

Simone de Beauvior’s gender theory – One is not born a woman, one becomes one, differentiates sex from gender. This theory believes that gender is an aspect of identity gradually acquired. Everything we are is as a result of choices and what we build from our own resources and those which society gives us. We don’t only create our own values, we create ourselves.

It is said that sometimes, it is hard to become a woman because of the struggle for human freedom in the apparently disadvantaged female body. De Beauvoir argues that it is not the biological condition of women per se that constitutes a handicap: it is how a woman construes this condition that renders it positive or negative.

Becoming a woman takes conscious efforts and deliberate actions. What feminist philosophers like de Beauvoir aim to achieve is to open the space for that freedom to flourish. To her, gender was decided by the way parents treated and raised their children. Hence, gender identity is decided very early in life. This means that a girl is built up emotionally as the weaker sex, not to have a voice and a decision when she is with her “Male folks”, to always live as an assistant rather than a leader, not to dare or have a dream greater than a male.

This theory from Simone de Beauvior serves as a reminder that we are first human before gender, creating awareness so that we can change certain things about our societies for the better. It also calls attention to the negative effects of the way women are treated differently in the society.

Join us next week on Speak Wednesday for more gender theories.

#Gender #Womeninspire #Genderinequality.

SPEAK WEDNESDAY – GENDER THEORIES (PART ONE) Read More »